Rotary hydraulic pump



Sept. 9, l947 J. E. MoRToN ROTARY HYDRAULIC PUMP Filed Aug. 3. 1944 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Sept. 9, 19447, J. E. MoRroN ROTARY HYDRAULIC PUIIP Filed Aug. s. 1944 2 sheets-sheet z Patented Sept. 9, 1,947

vUNITED sTATEs PATENT oFFlca.

l The invention relates to radial piston hydraulic Dumps- One object of the invention is to provide improved means for automatically shifting the ring for imparting inward strokes to radial pistons in the cylinders in the rotor, responsively to excessive pressures of the iiuid.

Another' object .of the invention is to provide improved mechanical means and fluid pressure means forV adjusting the ring for imparting radial.

movements to said pistons to vary the eccentricity of the ring and the volume of hydraulic fluid discharged by the pump. l

Another object of the invention is to provide improved valve means for controlling the discharge of fluid under pressure from the pump casing.

A still further object of the invention is to pro` vide a pump with a ring for imparting inward strokes to the radial pistons in the rotor which is provided with means for shiftingthe pistons outwardly when the pump is traveling at low speeds and centrifugal force is insuflicient to impart s claims. (ci. i-161) 2 i I3 to wall lll. The rotor in the casing comprises a rotor-body Il which is keyed at l5 to a sleeve tionary member for controlling the discharge of y fluid from the pump casing.

Other objects of the invention will appear from the detailed description.

The invention consists in the several novel features hereinafter set forth and more particularly deilned by claims at the conclusion hereof.

In thedrawings:

Fig. 1 is a transverse section through the pump.

Fig. 2 is a section taken on line 2--2 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a plan. v

Fig. 4 is alongltudinal section of the stationary valve member taken on line 4-4 of Fig. 6, associated parts being illustrated in dotted lines.

Fig. 5 is a section taken on line 6-3 of Figl 2.

Fig. 6 is a section taken on line 6-6 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 7 is a section taken on line 1--1 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 8 is a section taken on line 6-8 of Fig. 2.

The invention is exemplified in a pump com prising a casing which may be stationarlly or portably supported in any suitable manner. The casing comprises a Acylindrical-wall I6, a side wall Il, integral with the wall I0. and a removable I6 which is journaled in anti-friction bearings Il which are supported respectively in side wall Il and head l2 of thecasing. The inner end of the sleeve i6 terminates at the inside of the side wall ll of the casing and its outer end I8 extends through the head I2 and is splined as at IB to a shaft 26 which may -be driven in any suitable manner, usually by an electric motor. v

A series of radial cylinders 2l, the outer ends of which are open, are formed in the rotor-body I4. A piston 22 is slidable in each cylinder 2l and carries adjacent its outer end a cross-shaft 23 which extends through the piston and carries at each side of the rotor body a roller 24. The cylinders are provided with slots `25 in which bosses 26 on the piston are radially movable.

A ring 36 is supported for transverse sliding movement on guides 3| which are integrally vformed with the rim of the casing to permit the ring to be shifted from a position in which it is coaxial with the rotor to an eccentric position. The innerI cylindrical periphery 32 of ring 36 functions as a circular track engaged by the rollers 2l for imparting inward strokes to the piston for discharging fluid under pressure from the cylinders 2| in rotative succession, when the ring is eccentrieally positioned relatively to the rotor, and to permit the pistons to idle when the ring is positioned concentrically withthe rotor. The ring 36 has alxed thereto inwardly extendlng flanges or sides 34 which engage abutments 3,5 on side wall Il and head l2 to conne the ring against axial movement in the casing. Each side 3K4 of ring 30 is provided with a circular inwardly facing groove 36 which is concentric with thevcircular track 32. Rollers 31 are carried by cross-shafts 23 at the sides of pistons 22 and the outer ends of said shafts extend into the grooves 36. The pump in normal operation, shifts the pistons 22 at sufficiently high speed to cause centrifugal force to move the pistons outwardly for engagement of the rollers 24 with the circular track 32 in the ring 30 for inward movement of the pistons by the eccentrictrack 32. When the rotor is driven at an insuiilcient speed to cause centrifugal force to move the pistons 23 outwardly, the inner sides of circular grooves 36 engaging the rollers 24 will shift the pistons 22 outwardly for drawing fluid into the inner ends of the cylinders. Sleeve I6 of therotor is provided with radial. ports 39 for the flow of `fluid into and out of the cylinders in-rotative succession.

head or side wall I2 which is secured by bolts 55. A cup-shaped casing section 40 is secured by tion. 'Ii' at any time, the pressure inthe diss 'charge ducts in stationary valve member 40 b'eand 50 in stationary valve member M, arcuate ports 6l andthe lports l! in sleeve i6. Under normal speed centrifugal force-will shift the pistons 22 `outwardly `while their rollers :2l engage the circular track 32" in ring 30. while the ring is eccentrically positioned around the roller.

' During low speeds when` centrifugal force is insuilicient to shiitthe piston outwardly, the inner sides of the grooves 36 in the sides ofring 30 will shift the pistons outwardly. The ring will impart, `in rotative succession, inward strokes to the pistons 22 and torce the iiuid under pressure via ports 38 in sleevel, port 51, longitudinal for controlling the iiowoi fluid to the cylinders in rotative succession; of airing slidably mounted forl transverse movement and non-rotatablycon` fined in thecasing and provided with a circular track for imparting inward strokes to the pis-` tons, ot spring-means acting on one side-. of the v ring to press `it into a portion eccentric toghe ducts lfand port 59 in stationary valve n1em`- ber M, port B0 in ringA valve 48 to the discharge pipe I3. During the operation `of the pump the iluid delivered to the arcuate grooves B3 from the intake duct 5U and the iluid under pressure in the arcuate grooves 65 fromvduct iwill balance the pressure between the stationary valve member and the rotor. The arcuate grooves 81 which are connected to fluid in one of the intake ports 50 and the pressure `of the fluid in 'arcuate grooves B9 from one of the discharge ports 56 will balance the. pressure between the ring valve 48 and thestationary valve-member so thatithe ring valve canbe freely operated.l

rotor,` fluid-pressure "operable means .comprising a piston at the opposite sideoi the ring for shitting the ring toward its concentric position, against'the torce o! said spring-means, meansfor delivering vfluid from the cylinder at dischargeA pressure to said uidpressur operable means, pins slidable in the casing/for similarly t shifting the ring, and screw-means for shifting said iluid pressure said pins independently of operable means.

2. The combination in a rotary hydraulic pump of a casing pro/vided with an inlet and outlet for fluid, a driven rotor-bodyin the casing.

`provided with radial cylinders, an eccentric ring non-rotatably, mounted in the casing provided Normallszthe ring will be, held at its point of greatest eccentricity for the maximum` length of the piston' strokes, and theforce of spring 1l;

will be sufcient to hold said ring in such` posi 11 comes excessive through .overloading oiffthe y pump, fluid under such pressure will flow from one o! the ports 56 via pipe 95 into the cylinder j 'Il and force the piston 93 inwardly to move ring duid, va driven rotor-body in the casing provided ln against the force of the spring "I8 on the opposite side of s'aid ring, toward its concentric position around the rotor. As a result thejring 30 will be automatically. shifted responsiveiy to variations in the pressure' of uid'in the discharge side of the pump, to reduce or s'top the piston strokes. 'means Vfunctions torelieve the pump and prevent This iiuid `pressure operabley damage to machinery' driven bythe pump,jaris L ing from excessive .pressure..;As soon as .the

pressure o! the discharge iiuid drops'to working'y i' range, thejspring 19, throughplunger'l!` ,willgi' restore ring 30' to its normal ec'centricity. The invention exemplifies.` a rotaryxpump 'of .'50 Y said stationary valve-memberand'in the casing,

the radial piston type which includes spring ll means for pressing the piston-shifting ring into rigidity the ring and are provided with means for imparting outward strokes tol the radial moveable piston when the pump is driven at -lowspeeds.

-Havmg'thus ydescribed the invention what I vclaim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. The combination with a rotary-hydraulic y pump comprising a rotor-body' provided with radial cylinders, pistons slidable in the cylinders, a non-rotatable casing for the rotor, and means inders, an eccentric ring, non-rotatably mounted with a track ior imparting` inwardgstrokesto the pistons, a stationary valve member provided with ducts i'or conducting iiuid to and from the cylinders/'in rotative succession, and a-jrotary valve around said stationary-valve member and in the casing, for controlling the outilow of iiui l from said valve member to said outlet.

l' 3. The combination in arotary hydraulic pump of a casing provided with an inlet, and outletior with radialV cylinders, an :eccentric ring nonrotatably mounted in` the casing` provided with a track for imparting inward strokes to the pistons,

[a stationary valve-member provided with ductsfor conducting fluid to and from thecylinders in rotative succession, `and a ring 'valve 'rotatable Varound said stationary valve memberfand .in'th'e casing, for-,controlling the outiiow"-'ot1iluid from said valve-membentdlmidoutletr f 4 4.,: The combinationinarotaryhydrauiic pump `of a provi an `inlctfand outlet 4for fluid, a driven roto'rbody in'thecasing provided with radial cylinders, an eccentricring:non. ro l tatably mounted in the i easing, prov id ejd'with a track ior-i.mparting inward strokes to theipistons. I

a stationary valve-member provided Jwith ducts for conducting iluid to andi'rom vthe cylinders .in r

rotative succession, a ring-valve rotatable around for controllingl the outilow the valve-member and the ring-valve iorrbalancing the pressure around the ring-valve,

5. The combination in a rotary hydraulicpump of a casing provided with an inletand `anoutlet for the fluid, a driven rotor-bodyin the provided with radial cylinders, pistons slidable in j v the cylinders, an eccentric ring, non-rotatably,r mounted in the casing, provided with ay track forV 3 1 imparting inward strokes to the piston, a-'valve'imember stationarily securedin the casingi ex-g. s, tending into the' rotor and provided with ducts`v 4for' conducting n nid to and from the cylinders in rotative succession, and means between said'rotorfbody and said stationary member for balancing the pressure of the tluid on the rotorbody.

i ,6. The combination in a rotary hydraulic pump o! a casing provided with an inlet and an outlet for the fluid. a driven rotor in the casing provided with. radial cylinders, pistons slidable in the cyl--v in the casing, provided with la track for imparting inward strokes to the piston, a valve-member vof num' nominale, vL Y valve-member to said outlet, and means betweenY a 7 stationarily secured in the casing extending the rotor and provided with ducts for conducting uid to and from the cylinders in rotative succession, means between the rotor-body and said member for balancing the pressure on the rotor,

a valve around said stationary member for controlling the outilow of iiuid from said member to the outlet, and means between said valve and said stationary member for balancing the pressure of the iluid on the valve.

7. The combination in rotary hydraulic pum of a casing including sides; a rotor body in the casing provided with radial cylinders; pistons slidable` in the cylinders, means for vcontrolling the ilow o! iluid in rotative succession to and from the cylinders, an eccentric ringnon-r'otatably and slidably mounted in the casing and provided with a track for impartinginward strokes to the pistons, nanges rigidly secured to and'extending inwardly at the sides of the eccentric ring and having outer faces abutting the inner sides of the casing for holding the eccentric ring against axial movement, cross-shafts carried by the pistons, and rollersl carried by the cross-shafts at the sides of the pistonsand engaging the track on the eccentric-ring, said flanges being provided with tracks engageable by the ends of the cross-shafts for shifting the pistons outwardly when centrifugal force is insutllcient to move them outwardly. l

8. The combination in a rotary hydraulic pump, of a casingv including sides; a rotor body inthe casing provided with radial cylinders; pistonsl slidable in the cylinders, means for controlling 8 the iiow oi iluid in rotative succession to and from the cylinders, an eccentric ring non-rotatably and slidablymounted in the casing and provided with a track for imparting inward strokes to the pistons, iianges rigidly secured to and ex- :tending inwardly at the sides of the eccentric ring and having outer faces abutting the inner sides of the casing for holding the eccentric ring against axial movement, a circular track on the eccentric ring for imparting inward strokes to the pistons, cross-shafts carried by the pistons,

and rollers carried by the cross-shafts and engaging the track on the eccentric ring for imparting inward strokes to the pistons, said flanges being provided with grooves into which the ends of the cross-shafts extend, for shifting the pistons outwardly when centrifugal force is sutill' ville of this patent:

v cient to move them outwardly.

JAMES E. MORTON.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the .UNITED STATES PATENTS Number @Name Y Date =2,101,730 Benedek Dec. 7, 1937 v2,105,454 Ferris han. 11, 193s 2,111,657 Benedek Mar. 22, 1938 2,115,296 Benedek Apr.`26, 1938 2,164,888 Sassen et a1. July 4, 1939 2,203,656 Aspden June 4, 1940 2,292,181

Tucker Aug. 4, 1942 

